Non-factorizable joint probabilities and evolutionarily stable strategies in the quantum prisoner's dilemma game

The well-known refinement of the Nash Equilibrium (NE) called an Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS) is investigated in the quantum Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) game that is played using an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen type setting. Earlier results report that in this scheme the classical NE remains intact as the unique solution of the quantum PD game. In contrast, we show here that interestingly in this scheme a non-classical solution for the ESS emerges for the quantum PD.     

Bayesian methods for parameter estimation in effective field theories

We demonstrate and explicate Bayesian methods for fitting the parameters that encode the impact of short-distance physics on observables in effective field theories (EFTs). We use Bayes’ theorem together with the principle of maximum entropy to account for the prior information that these parameters should be natural, i.e., O(1) in appropriate units. Marginalization can then be employed to integrate the resulting probability density function (pdf) over the EFT parameters that are not of specific interest in the fit. We also explore marginalization over the order of the EFT calculation, M, and over the variable, R, that encodes the inherent ambiguity in the notion that these parameters are O(1). This results in a very general formula for the pdf of the EFT parameters of interest given a data set, D. We use this formula and the simpler “augmented χ²” in a toy problem for which we generate pseudo-data. These Bayesian methods, when used in combination with the “naturalness prior”, facilitate reliable extractions of EFT parameters in cases where χ² methods are ambiguous at best. We also examine the problem of extracting the nucleon mass in the chiral limit, M₀, and the nucleon sigma term, from pseudo-data on the nucleon mass as a function of the pion mass. We find that Bayesian techniques can provide reliable information on M₀, even if some of the data points used for the extraction lie outside the region of applicability of the EFT.     

两种高空核爆电磁脉冲下电话机的效应异同性及概率分布

 利用分布式负载有界波电磁脉冲模拟器提供的电磁环境,试验研究了电话机在我国推荐的1976 HEMP和IEC61000-2-9推荐的1996 HEMP两种波形环境激励下的效应异同性,以及效应的概率分布,应用频谱分析和电磁范数对效应机制进行了分析。结果表明:对于电话机通话中断效应,1996 HEMP要比1976 HEMP的效应阈值稍低,其效应的概率分布可用正态分布来拟合。     

一种基于诱骗态的广域量子安全直接通信网络方案

提出了一种基于诱骗态的广域量子安全直接通信网络方案.在每一个局域网中设置一个服务器负责量子态的产生和测量,从而提高了通信距离;将诱骗态的思想引入量子安全直接通信,采用不同的强度发送光脉冲,能够克服光子数目分割攻击,从而提高通信的安全性;根据信道参量估计了不同通信距离的通过率,为信道编码提供了依据.对所提方案进行了安全性分析,结果表明此方案能够实现远距离量子安全直接通信.     

Passive Tracking of Multiple Underwater Targets in Incomplete Detection and Clutter Environment

A major advantage of the use of passive sonar in the tracking multiple underwater targets is that they can be kept covert, which reduces the risk of being attacked. However, the nonlinearity of the passive Doppler and bearing measurements, the range unobservability problem, and the complexity of data association between measurements and targets make the problem of underwater passive multiple target tracking challenging. To deal with these problems, the cardinalized probability hypothesis density (CPHD) recursion, which is based on Bayesian information theory, is developed to handle the data association uncertainty, and to acquire existing targets’ numbers and states (e.g., position and velocity). The key idea of the CPHD recursion is to simultaneously estimate the targets’ intensity and the probability distribution of the number of targets. The CPHD recursion is the first moment approximation of the Bayesian multiple targets filter, which avoids the data association procedure between the targets and measurements including clutter. The Bayesian-filter-based extended Kalman filter (EKF) is applied to deal with the nonlinear bearing and Doppler measurements. The experimental results show that the EKF-based CPHD recursion works well in the underwater passive multiple target tracking system in cluttered and noisy environments.     

Bekenstein-Hawking Cosmological Entropy and Correction Term Corresponding Cosmological Horizon of Rotating and Charged Black String

Utilizing the quantum statistical method and applying the new state density equation motivated by generalized uncertainty principle in quantum gravitaty, we avoid the difficulty in solving wave equation and directly calculate the partition function of bosonic and fermionic field on the background of rotating and charged black string. Then near the cosmological horizon, entropies of bosonic and fermionic field are calculated on the background of black string. When constant A introduced in generalized uncertainty principle takes a proper value, we derive Bekenstein- Hawking entropy and the correction value corresponding cosmologicaJ horizon on the background of rotating and charged black string. Because we use the new state density equation, in our calculation there are not divergent term and small mass approximation in the original brick-wall method. From the view of quantum statistic mechanics, the correction value to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black string is derived. It makes people deeply understand the correction value to the entropy of the black string cosmological horizon in non-spherical coordinate spacetime.     

一种考虑速度随机慢化概率动态演化的交通流元胞自动机模型

在NS模型的基础上,利用司机的记忆效应和当前交通环境动态地调整随机慢化概率,从而得到一个改进的交通流元胞自动机模型.数值实验表明,该模型可以很好地刻画司机记忆效应对交通流的影响,记忆效应的引入可以提高平均速度和流量. 关键词： 交通流 元胞自动机模型 记忆效应 随机慢化概率     

微波腔内波混沌散射的初步研究

 通过建立的微波腔模拟产生大量腔体散射矩阵和辐射散射矩阵,并转化得到归一化散射矩阵和阻抗矩阵。利用戴桑环系综对归一化散射矩阵的本征值和本征相位进行了统计分析,其本征值的模和本征相位具有统计独立性,且本征相位近似均一分布,验证了腔体中波混沌散射的存在。对数值模拟和随机矩阵理论预测得到的归一化阻抗的统计特性进行了比较,其结果基本一致,说明随机矩阵理论对归一化阻抗具有一定的预测功能。     

微波效应实验最小样本量估计分析

 为规范微波效应实验最小样本量,采用区间估计的统计推断方法,开展了样本作用概率与总体作用概率对应关系的分析和研究工作,对满足一定置信度和一定总体作用概率下所需要的最小样本量进行估计。研究结果表明,实验最小样本量确定为10是较为合理的。在80％的置信度下,当10支样本量样本作用概率达到70％时,总体作用概率置信下限约为51.6％。通过该方法能够将所获取的微波效应数据通过同一指标“总体作用概率置信下限”进行有效整理。     

Level statistics for the even-even Yb isotopes

The level statistics of the even-even Yb isotopes are studied by using the energy levels calculated by the projected shell model. The spectrum of intrinsic states and band energies are also studied to discuss the generation of chaoticity. The energy dependence of the chaoticity is investigated, and a chaos to order transition is found.